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FETCH(1) |
FreeBSD General Commands Manual |
FETCH(1) |
fetch —
retrieve a file by Uniform Resource Locator
fetch |
[-146AadFlMmnPpqRrsUv ]
[-B bytes]
[--bind-address= host]
[--ca-cert= file]
[--ca-path= dir]
[--cert= file]
[--crl= file]
[-i file]
[--key= file]
[-N file]
[--no-passive ]
[--no-proxy= list]
[--no-sslv3 ] [--no-tlsv1 ]
[--no-verify-hostname ]
[--no-verify-peer ] [-o
file]
[--referer= URL]
[-S bytes]
[-T seconds]
[--user-agent= agent-string]
[-w seconds]
URL ... |
fetch |
[-146AadFlMmnPpqRrsUv ]
[-B bytes]
[--bind-address= host]
[--ca-cert= file]
[--ca-path= dir]
[--cert= file]
[--crl= file]
[-i file]
[--key= file]
[-N file]
[--no-passive ]
[--no-proxy= list]
[--no-sslv3 ] [--no-tlsv1 ]
[--no-verify-hostname ]
[--no-verify-peer ] [-o
file]
[--referer= URL]
[-S bytes]
[-T seconds]
[--user-agent= agent-string]
[-w seconds]
-h host
-f file
[-c dir] |
The fetch utility provides a command-line interface to
the
fetch(3)
library. Its purpose is to retrieve the file(s) pointed to by the URL(s) on
the command line.
The following options are available:
-1 ,
--one-file
- Stop and return exit code 0 at the first successfully retrieved file.
-4 ,
--ipv4-only
- Forces
fetch to use IPv4 addresses only.
-6 ,
--ipv6-only
- Forces
fetch to use IPv6 addresses only.
-A ,
--no-redirect
- Do not automatically follow ``temporary'' (302) redirects. Some broken Web
sites will return a redirect instead of a not-found error when the
requested object does not exist.
-a ,
--retry
- Automatically retry the transfer upon soft failures.
-B
bytes,
--buffer-size= bytes
- Specify the read buffer size in bytes. The default is 16,384 bytes.
Attempts to set a buffer size lower than this will be silently ignored.
The number of reads actually performed is reported at verbosity level two
or higher (see the
-v flag).
--bind-address= host
- Specifies a hostname or IP address to which sockets used for outgoing
connections will be bound.
-c
dir
- The file to retrieve is in directory dir on the
remote host. This option is deprecated and is provided for backward
compatibility only.
--ca-cert= file
- [SSL] Path to certificate bundle containing trusted CA certificates. If
not specified, /usr/local/etc/ssl/cert.pem is
used. If this file does not exist,
/etc/ssl/cert.pem is used instead. If neither file
exists and no CA path has been configured, OpenSSL's default CA cert and
path settings apply. The certificate bundle can contain multiple CA
certificates. The security/ca_root_nss port is a
common source of a current CA bundle.
--ca-path= dir
- [SSL] The directory dir contains trusted CA
hashes.
--cert= file
- [SSL] file is a PEM encoded client certificate/key
which will be used in client certificate authentication.
--crl= file
- [SSL] Points to certificate revocation list file,
which has to be in PEM format and may contain peer certificates that have
been revoked.
-d ,
--direct
- Use a direct connection even if a proxy is configured.
-F ,
--force-restart
- In combination with the
-r flag, forces a restart
even if the local and remote files have different modification times.
Implies -R .
-f
file
- The file to retrieve is named file on the remote
host. This option is deprecated and is provided for backward compatibility
only.
-h
host
- The file to retrieve is located on the host host.
This option is deprecated and is provided for backward compatibility
only.
-i
file,
--if-modified-since= file
- If-Modified-Since mode: the remote file will only be retrieved if it is
newer than file on the local host. (HTTP only)
--key= file
- [SSL] file is a PEM encoded client key that will be
used in client certificate authentication in case key and client
certificate are stored separately.
-l ,
--symlink
- If the target is a file-scheme URL, make a symbolic link to the target
rather than trying to copy it.
-M
-
-m ,
--mirror
- Mirror mode: if the file already exists locally and has the same size and
modification time as the remote file, it will not be fetched. Note that
the
-m and -r flags are
mutually exclusive.
-N
file,
--netrc= file
- Use file instead of ~/.netrc
to look up login names and passwords for FTP sites. See
ftp(1)
for a description of the file format. This feature is experimental.
-n ,
--no-mtime
- Do not preserve the modification time of the transferred file.
--no-passive
- Forces the FTP code to use active mode.
--no-proxy= list
- Either a single asterisk, which disables the use of proxies altogether, or
a comma- or whitespace-separated list of hosts for which proxies should
not be used.
--no-sslv3
- [SSL] Do not allow SSL version 3 when negotiating the connection. This
option is deprecated and is provided for backward compatibility only.
SSLv3 is disabled by default. Set
SSL_ALLOW_SSL3
to change this behavior.
--no-tlsv1
- [SSL] Do not allow TLS version 1 when negotiating the connection.
--no-verify-hostname
- [SSL] Do not verify that the hostname matches the subject of the
certificate presented by the server.
--no-verify-peer
- [SSL] Do not verify the peer certificate against trusted CAs.
-o
file,
--output= file
- Set the output file name to file. By default, a
``pathname'' is extracted from the specified URI, and its basename is used
as the name of the output file. A file argument of
‘
- ’ indicates that results are to be
directed to the standard output. If the file
argument is a directory, fetched file(s) will be placed within the
directory, with name(s) selected as in the default behaviour.
-P
-
-p ,
--passive
- Use passive FTP. These flags have no effect, since passive FTP is the
default, but are provided for compatibility with earlier versions where
active FTP was the default. To force active mode, use the
--no-passive flag or set the
FTP_PASSIVE_MODE environment variable to
‘NO ’.
--referer= URL
- Specifies the referrer URL to use for HTTP requests. If
URL is set to “auto”, the document URL
will be used as referrer URL.
-q ,
--quiet
- Quiet mode.
-R ,
--keep-output
- The output files are precious, and should not be deleted under any
circumstances, even if the transfer failed or was incomplete.
-r ,
--restart
- Restart a previously interrupted transfer. Note that the
-m and -r flags are
mutually exclusive.
-S
bytes,
--require-size= bytes
- Require the file size reported by the server to match the specified value.
If it does not, a message is printed and the file is not fetched. If the
server does not support reporting file sizes, this option is ignored and
the file is fetched unconditionally.
-s ,
--print-size
- Print the size in bytes of each requested file, without fetching it.
-T
seconds,
--timeout= seconds
- Set timeout value to seconds. Overrides the
environment variables
FTP_TIMEOUT for FTP
transfers or HTTP_TIMEOUT for HTTP transfers if
set.
-U ,
--passive-portrange-default
- When using passive FTP, allocate the port for the data connection from the
low (default) port range. See
ip(4) for
details on how to specify which port range this corresponds to.
--user-agent= agent-string
- Specifies the User-Agent string to use for HTTP requests. This can be
useful when working with HTTP origin or proxy servers that differentiate
between user agents.
-v ,
--verbose
- Increase verbosity level.
-w
seconds,
--retry-delay= seconds
- When the
-a flag is specified, wait this many
seconds between successive retries.
If fetch receives a
SIGINFO signal (see the
status argument for
stty(1)),
the current transfer rate statistics will be written to the standard error
output, in the same format as the standard completion message.
FTP_TIMEOUT
- Maximum time, in seconds, to wait before aborting an FTP connection.
HTTP_TIMEOUT
- Maximum time, in seconds, to wait before aborting an HTTP connection.
See
fetch(3)
for a description of additional environment variables, including
FETCH_BIND_ADDRESS ,
FTP_LOGIN , FTP_PASSIVE_MODE ,
FTP_PASSWORD , FTP_PROXY ,
ftp_proxy , HTTP_ACCEPT ,
HTTP_AUTH , HTTP_PROXY ,
http_proxy , HTTP_PROXY_AUTH ,
HTTP_REFERER ,
HTTP_USER_AGENT , NETRC ,
NO_PROXY , no_proxy ,
SSL_CA_CERT_FILE ,
SSL_CA_CERT_PATH ,
SSL_CLIENT_CERT_FILE ,
SSL_CLIENT_KEY_FILE ,
SSL_CRL_FILE ,
SSL_ALLOW_SSL3 , SSL_NO_TLS1 ,
SSL_NO_TLS1_1 ,
SSL_NO_TLS1_2 ,
SSL_NO_VERIFY_HOSTNAME and
SSL_NO_VERIFY_PEER .
The fetch command returns zero on success, or one on
failure. If multiple URLs are listed on the command line,
fetch will attempt to retrieve each one of them in
turn, and will return zero only if they were all successfully retrieved.
If the -i argument is used and the remote
file is not newer than the specified file then the command will still return
success, although no file is transferred.
Silently try to fetch the URLs passed as parameters. The first one will fail. If
the second URL succeeds the third one will not be tried:
$ fetch -1 -q https://www.freebsd.org/bad.html \
ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/README.TXT \
https://www.fake.url
fetch: https://www.freebsd.org/bad.html: Not Found
Be verbose when retrieving the README.TXT
file:
$ fetch -v ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/README.TXT
resolving server address: ftp.freebsd.org:80
requesting http://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/README.TXT
local size / mtime: 4259 / 1431015519
remote size / mtime: 4259 / 1431015519
README.TXT 4259 B 44 MBps 00s
Quietly save the README.TXT file as
myreadme.txt and do not delete the output file under
any circumstances:
fetch -o myreadme.txt -q -R ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/README.TXT
Print the size of the requested file and identify the request with
a custom user agent string:
$ fetch -s ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/README.TXT
--user-agent="Mozilla/5.0 (X11; FreeBSD x86_64; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101"
3513231
Restart the transfer of the README.TXT
file and retry the transfer upon soft failures:
$ fetch -a -r http://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/README.TXT
The fetch command appeared in FreeBSD
2.1.5. This implementation first appeared in FreeBSD
4.1.
The -b and -t options are no
longer supported and will generate warnings. They were workarounds for bugs in
other OSes which this implementation does not trigger.
One cannot both use the -h ,
-c and -f options and
specify URLs on the command line.
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