NAME

nfdump - netflow display and analyze program

SYNOPSIS

nfdump [options] [filter]

DESCRIPTION

nfdump is the netflow display and analyzing program of the nfdump tool set. It reads the netflow data from files stored by nfcapd and processes the flows according the options given. The filter syntax is comparable to tcpdump and extended for netflow data. Nfdump can also display many different top N flow and flow element statistics.

OPTIONS

-r inputfile: Read input data from inputfile. Default is read from stdin.
-R expr: Read input from a sequence of files in the same directory. expr may be one of:

/any/dir Read recursively all files in directory dir.

/dir/file Read all files beginning with file.

/dir/file1:file2 Read all files from file1 to file2.

When using in combination with a sub hierarchy:

/dir/sub1/sub2/file1:sub3/sub4/file2

Read all files from sub1/sub2/file1 sub3/sub4/file2 iterating over all required hierarchy levels.

Note: files are read in alphabetical sequence.

-M expr: Read input from multiple directories. expr looks like: /any/path/to/dir1:dir2:dir3 etc. and will be expanded to the directories: /any/path/to/dir1, /any/path/to/dir2 and /any/path/to/dir3 Any number of colon separated directories may be given. The files to read are specified by -r or -R and are expected to exist in all the given directories. The options -r and -R must not contain any directory part when used in conjunction with -M.
-m: deprecated option. Use -O tstart instead.
-O order: Set sort order to print flows or aggregated flows. order can be:

flows Sort according the number of flows
packets Sort according to (in)packets
ipkg Same as packets
opkg Sort according to output packets
bytes Sort according to (in)bytes
ibyte Same as bytes
obyte Sort according to output bytes
pps Sort according to (in)packets per second
ipps Same as ipps
opps Sort according to out packets per second
bps Sort according to (in)bytes per second
ibps Same as bps
obps Sort according to output bytes per second
bpp Sort according to (in)bytes per packet
ibpp Same as bpp
obpp Sort according to output packets
tstart Sort according to start time of flow - former -m
tend Sort according to end time of flows

-w outputfile: If specified writes binary netflow records to outputfile ready to be processed again with nfdump. The default output is ASCII on stdout. In combination with options -m, -a, -b, and -B write aggregated and/or sorted flow cache in binary format to disk.
-f filterfile: Reads the filter syntax from filterfile. Note: Any filter specified directly on the command line takes precedence over -f.
-t timewin: Process only flows, which fall in the time window timewin, where timewin is YYYY/MM/dd.hh:mm:ss[-YYYY/MM/dd.hh:mm:ss]. Any parts of the time spec may be omitted e.g YYYY/MM/dd expands to YYYY/MM/dd.00:00:00-infinity and processes all flow from a given day onwards. The time window may also be specified as +/- n. In this case it is relativ to the beginning or end of all flows. +10 means the first 10 seconds of all flows, -10 means the last 10 seconds of all flows.
-c num: Limit the number of records to read and process from file(es) to the first num flows.
-a: Aggregate netflow data. Aggregation is done at connection level by taking the 5-tuple protocol, srcip, dstip, srcport and dstport.
-A aggregation: Similar to Flexible Netflow (FNF), netflow records can be aggregated by any number of given v9 fields. aggregation is a ',' separated list of recognised tags of the following list:

proto IP protocol
srcip Source IP address
dstip Destination IP address
srcip4/net IPv4 source IP address with applied netmask
srcip6/net IPv6 source IP address with applied netmask
dstip4/net IPv4 destination IP address with applied netmask
dstip6/net IPv6 destination IP address with applied netmask
srcnet Apply netmask srcmask in netflow record for source IP
dstnet Apply netmask dstmask in netflow record for dest IP
srcport Source port
dstport Destination port
srcmask Source mask
dstmask Destination mask
srcvlan Source vlan label
dstvlan Destination vlan label
srcas Source AS number
dstas Destination AS number
nextas BGP Next AS
prevas BGP Previous AS
inif SNMP input interface number
outif SNMP output interface number
next IP next hop
bgpnext BGP next hop
insrcmac In source MAC address
outdstmac out destination MAC address
indstmac In destintation MAC address
outsrcmac Out source MAC address
tos Source type of service
srctos Source type of Service
dsttos Destination type of Service
mpls1 MPLS label 1
mpls2 MPLS label 2
mpls3 MPLS label 3
mpls4 MPLS label 4
mpls5 MPLS label 5
mpls6 MPLS label 6
mpls7 MPLS label 7
mpls8 MPLS label 8
mpls9 MPLS label 9
mpls10 MPLS label 10
router Exporting router IP
xsrcip X-late source IP address, if compiled with NSEL support
xdstip X-late destination IP address, if compiled with NSEL support
xsrcport X-late source port, if compiled with NSEL support
xdstport X-late destination port, if compiled with NSEL support

nfdump automatically compiles an appropriate output format for the selected aggregation unless an explicit output format is given. The automatic output format is identical to -o 'fmt:%ts %td <fields> %pkt %byt %bps %bpp %fl' where <fields> represents the selected aggregation tags.

Example:

-A proto,srcip,dstport

-A srcas,dstas

-b: Aggregate netflow records as bidirectional flows. Automatically implies -a. Aggregation is done on connection level by taking the 5-tuple protocol, srcip, dstip, srcport and dstport, or the reverse order for the corresponding connection flow. Input and output packets/bytes are counted and reported separate. Both flows are merged into a single record. An appropriate output format is selected automatically, which may be overwritten by any -o format option.
-B: Like -b but automagically swaps flows if src port is < dst port for TCP and UDP flows and src port < 1024 and dst port > 1024. as some exporters do not care sending the flows in proper order. Other flows are not affected. It's considered to be a convenient option.
-I: Print flow statistics from file specified by -r, or timeslot specified by -R/-M.
-D dns: Set dns as nameserver to lookup hostnames.
-s statistic[:p][/orderby]: Generate the Top N flow or flow element statistic. statistic can be:

record Statistic about arregated netflow records.
srcip Statistic about source IP addresses
dstip Statistic about destination IP addresses
ip Statistic about any (source or destination) IP addresses
nhip Statistic about next hop IP addresses
nhbip Statistic about BGP next hop IP addresses
router Statistic about exporting router IP address
srcport Statistic about source ports
dstport Statistic about destination ports
port Statistic about any (source or destination) ports
tos Statistic about type of service - default src
srctos Statistic about src type of service
dsttos Statistic about dst type of service
dir Statistic about flow directions ingress/egress
srcas Statistic about source AS numbers
dstas Statistic about destination AS numbers
as Statistic about any (source or destination) AS numbers
inif Statistic about input interface
outif Statistic about output interface
if Statistic about any interface
srcmask Statistic about src mask
dstmask Statistic about dst mask
srcvlan Statistic about src vlan label
dstvlan Statistic about dst vlan label
vlan Statistic about any vlan label
insrcmac Statistic about input src MAC address
outdstmac Statistic about output dst MAC address
indstmac Statistic about input dst MAC address
outsrcmac Statistic about output src MAC address
srcmac Statistic about any src MAC address
dstmac Statistic about any dst MAC address
inmac Statistic about any input MAC address
outmac Statistic about any output MAC address
mask Statistic about any mask
proto Statistic about IP protocols
mpls1 Statistic about MPLS label 1
mpls2 Statistic about MPLS label 2
mpls3 Statistic about MPLS label 3
mpls4 Statistic about MPLS label 4
mpls5 Statistic about MPLS label 5
mpls6 Statistic about MPLS label 6
mpls7 Statistic about MPLS label 7
mpls8 Statistic about MPLS label 8
mpls9 Statistic about MPLS label 9
mpls10 Statistic about MPLS label 10
sysid Internal SysID of exporter

NSEL/ASA stats
event NSEL/ASA event
xevent NSEL/ASA extended event
xsrcip NSEL/ASA translated src IP address
xsrcport NSEL/ASA translated src port
xdstip NSEL/ASA translated dst IP address
xdstport NSEL/ASA translated dst port
iacl NSEL/ASA ingress ACL
iace NSEL/ASA ingress ACE
ixace NSEL/ASA ingress xACE
eacl NSEL/ASA egress ACL
eace NSEL/ASA egress ACE
exace NSEL/ASA egress xACE

NAT stats
nevent NAT event
vrf/ivrf NAT ingress vrf
evrf NAT egress vrf
nsrcip NAT src IP address
nsrcport NAT src port
ndstip NAT dst IP address
ndstport NAT dst port

By adding :p to the statistic name, the resulting statistic is split up into transport layer protocols. Default is transport protocol independent statistics.

orderby is optional and specifies the order by which the statistics is ordered and can be flows, packets, bytes, pps, bps or bpp. You may specify more than one orderby which results in the same statistic but ordered differently. If no orderby is given, statistics are ordered by flows. You can specify as many -s flow element statistics on the command line for the same run.

Example:

-s srcip -s ip/flows -s dstport/pps/packets/bytes -s record/bytes

-l [+/-]packet_num: Limit statistics output to those records above or below the packet_num limit. packet_num accepts positive or negative numbers followed by 'K' , 'M' or 'G' 10E3, 10E6 or 10E9 flows respectively. See also note at -L
-L [+/-]byte_num: Limit statistics output to those records above or below the byte_num limit. byte_num accepts positive or negative numbers followed by 'K' , 'M' or 'G' 10E3, 10E6 or 10E9 bytes respectively. Note: These limits only apply to the statistics and aggregated outputs generated with -a -s. To filter netflow records by packets and bytes, use the filter syntax 'packets' and 'bytes' described below.
-n num: For record statistics (-s .. ): Define the number for the Top N. Defaults to 10. Use -n 0 to list all records.
For record sorting and aggregation (-a .. -O ..): Limit the records to the first top num sorted records. if not specified or -n 0 is given, all records are listed.
-o format: Selects the output format to print flows or flow record statistics (-s record). The following formats are available:

raw Print full flow record on multiple lines.
line Print each flow on one line. Default format.
long Print each flow on one line with more details
biline Same as line, but for bidir flows
bilong Same as long, but for bidir flows
extended Print each flow on one line with even more details.
nsel Print each NSEL event on one line. Default if NSEL/NAT
nel Print each NAT event on one line.
csv Comma separated output for machine readable processing.
json Print full record as separate json object
pipe Legacy machine readable format: fields '|' separated.
fmt:format User defined output format.

For each defined output format except -o fmt:<format> an IPv6 long output format exists. line6, long6 and extended6. See output formats below for more information.

-q: Suppress the header line and the statistics at the bottom.
-N: Print plain numbers in output. Easier for post-parsing.
-i ident: Change ident label in file, specified by -r to ident
-v file: Verify file. Print data file version, number of blocks and compression status.
-E file: Print exporter/sampler list found in file. In case of a nfcapd collector file, an additional statistics per exporter is printed with number of flows, packets and sequence errors.
-x file: Scan and print extension maps located in file file
-j: Compress flows. Use bz2 compression in output file. Space efficient method
-y: Compress flows. Use LZ4 compression in output file. Time efficient method
-z: Compress flows. Use fast LZO1X-1 compression in output file. Time efficient method
-J num: Change compression for file(s) given by -r <file> or -R <dir> num: 0 uncompress, 1: LZO1X-1, 2: bz2, 3: LZ4 compression
-Z: Check filter syntax and exit. Sets the return value accordingly.
-X: Compiles the filer syntax and dumps the filter engine table to stdout. This is for debugging purpose only.
-V: Print nfdump version and exit.
-h: Print help text on stdout with all options and exit.

RETURN VALUE

Returns

0 No error.

255 Initialization failed.

254 Error in filter syntax.

250 Internal error.

OUTPUT FORMATS

The output format raw prints each flow record on multiple lines, including all information available in the record. This is the most detailed view on a flow.

Other output formats print each flow on a single line. Predefined output formats are line, long and extended The output format line is the default output format when no format is specified. It limits the imformation to the connection details as well as number of packets, bytes and flows.

The output format long is identical to the format line, and includes additional information such as TCP flags and Type of Service.

The output format extended is identical to the format long, and includes additional computed information such as pps, bps and bpp.

Fields:

Date flow start: Start time flow first seen. ISO 8601 format including milliseconds.

Duration: Duration of the flow in seconds and milliseconds. If flows are aggregated, duration is the time span over the entire periode of time from first seen to last seen.

Proto: Protocol used in the connection.

Src IP Addr:Port: Source IP address and source port.

Dst IP Addr:Port: Destination IP address and destination port. In case of ICMP, port is decodes as type.code.

Flags: TCP flags ORed of the connection.

Tos: Type of service.

Packets: The number of packets in this flow. If flows are aggregated, the packets are summed up.

Bytes: The number of bytes in this flow. If flows are aggregated, the bytes are summed up.

pps: The calculated packets per second: number of packets / duration. If flows are aggregated this results in the average pps during this periode of time.

bps: The calculated bits per second: 8 * number of bytes / duration. If flows are aggregated this results in the average bps during this periode of time.

Bpp: The calculated bytes per packet: number of bytes / number of packets. If flows are aggregated this results in the average bpp during this periode of time.

Flows: Number of flows. If flows are listed only, this number is always 1. If flows are aggregated, this shows the number of aggregated flows to one record.

Numbers larger than 1'000'000 (1000*1000), are scaled to 4 digits and one decimal digit including the scaling factor M, G or T for cleaner output, e.g. 923.4 M

To make the output more readable, IPv6 addresses are shrinked down to 16 characters. The seven most and seven least digits connected with two dots '..' are displayed in any normal output formats. To display the full IPv6 address, use the appropriate long format, which is the format name followed by a 6.

Example: -o line displays an IPv6 address as 2001:23..80:d01e where as the format -o line6 displays the IPv6 address in full length 2001:234:aabb::211:24ff:fe80:d01e. The combination of -o line -6 is equivalent to -o line6.

The output format fmt:<format> allows you to define your own output format. A format description format consists of a single line containing arbitrary strings and format specifier as described below

%<format> Inserts the predefined format at this position. e.g. %line
%ff flow record flags in hex.
%ts Start Time - first seen
%tsr Start Time, but in fractional seconds since the epoch (1970-01-01)
%te End Time - last seen
%ter End Time, in fractional seconds
%tr Time the flow was received by the collector
%trr Time the flow was received, in fractional seconds
%td Duration
%pr Protocol
%exp Exporter ID
%eng Engine Type/ID
%lbl Flowlabel
%sa Source Address
%da Destination Address
%sap Source Address:Port
%dap Destination Address:Port
%sp Source Port
%dp Destination Port
%sn Source Network, mask applied
%dn Destination Network, mask applied
%nh Next-hop IP Address
%nhb BGP Next-hop IP Address
%ra Router IP Address
%sas Source AS
%das Destination AS
%nas Next AS
%pas Previous AS
%in Input Interface num
%out Output Interface num
%pkt Packets - default input
%ipkt Input Packets
%opkt Output Packets
%byt Bytes - default input
%ibyt Input Bytes
%obyt Output Bytes
%fl Flows
%flg TCP Flags
%tos Tos - default src
%stos Src Tos
%dtos Dst Tos
%dir Direction: ingress, egress
%smk Src mask
%dmk Dst mask
%fwd Forwarding Status
%svln Src vlan label
%dvln Dst vlan label
%ismc Input Src Mac Addr
%odmc Output Dst Mac Addr
%idmc Input Dst Mac Addr
%osmc Output Src Mac Addr
%mpls1 MPLS label 1
%mpls2 MPLS label 2
%mpls3 MPLS label 3
%mpls4 MPLS label 4
%mpls5 MPLS label 5
%mpls6 MPLS label 6
%mpls7 MPLS label 7
%mpls8 MPLS label 8
%mpls9 MPLS label 9
%mpls10 MPLS label 10
%mpls MPLS labels 1-10
%bps bps - bits per second
%pps pps - packets per second
%bpp bps - Bytes per package

NSEL specific formats
%nfc NSEL connection ID
%evt NSEL event
%xevt NSEL extended event
%sgt NSEL Source security group tag
%msec NSEL event time in msec
%iacl NSEL ingress ACL
%eacl NSEL egress ACL
%xsa NSEL XLATE src IP address
%xda NSEL XLATE dst IP address
%xsp NSEL XLATE src port
%xdp NSEL SLATE dst port
%xsap Xlate Source Address:Port
%xdap Xlate Destination Address:Port
%uname NSEL user name

NEL/NAT specific formats
%nevt NAT event - same as %evt
%ivrf NAT ingress VRF ID
%evrf NAT egress VRF ID
%nsa NAT src IP address
%nda NAT dst IP address
%nsp NAT src port
%ndp NAT dst port
%pbstart NAT pool block start
%pbend NAT pool block end
%pbstep NAT pool block step
%pbsize NAT pool block size

Nprobe formats
%cl Client latency
%sl Server latency
%al Application latency

The "flow flags" format (%ff) prints the internal record flags as a single hexadecimal number, consisting of any of these flag values or-ed together:

1 Record contains IPv6 addresses
2 Packet counters are 64-bit
4 Byte counters are 64-bit
8 IP next hop is an IPv6 address
16 BGP next hop is an IPv6 address
32 Exporting router is an IPv6 address
64 Record is an EVENT record
128 Record is sampled

Example: the standard output format long can be created as

-o "fmt:%ts %td %pr %sap -> %dap %flg %tos %pkt %byt %fl"

You may also define your own output format and have it compiled into nfdump. See nfdump.c section Output Formats for more details.

The csv output format is intended to be read by another program for further processing. As an example, see the parse_csv.pl Perl program. The cvs output format consists of one or more output blocks and one summary block. Each output block starts with a cvs index line followed by the cvs record lines. The index lines describes the order, how each following record is composed.

Example:

Index line: ts,te,td,sa,da,sp,dp,pr,...
Record line: 2004-07-11 10:30:00,2004-07-11 10:30:10,10.010,...

All records are in ASCII readable form. Numbers are not scaled, so each line can easily be parsed.

Indices used in nfdump 1.6:

ts,te,td time records: t-start, t-end, duration
sa,da src dst address sp,dp src, dst port
pr protocol PF_INET or PF_INET6
flg TCP Flags: 000001 FIN. 000010 SYN 000100 RESET 001000 PUSH 010000 ACK 100000 URGENT e.g. 6 => SYN + RESET
fwd forwarding status
stos src tos
ipkt,ibyt input packets/bytes
opkt,obyt output packets, bytes
in,out input/output interface SNMP number
sas,das src, dst AS
smk,dmk src, dst mask
dtos dst tos
dir direction
nh,nhb nethop IP address, bgp next hop IP
svln,dvln src, dst vlan id
ismc,odmc input src, output dst MAC
idmc,osmc input dst, output src MAC
mpls1,mpls2 MPLS label 1-10
mpls3,mpls4
mpls5,mpls6
mpls7,mpls8
mpls9,mpls10
ra router IP
eng router engine type/id

See parse_csv.pl for more details.

FILTER

The filter syntax is similar to the well known pcap library used by tcpdump. The filter can be either specified on the command line after all options or in a separate file. It can span several lines. Anything after a '#' is treated as a comment and ignored to the end of the line. There is virtually no limit in the length of the filter expression. All keywords are case independent.

Any filter consists of one or more expressions expr. Any number of expr can be linked together:

expr and expr, expr or expr, not expr and ( expr ).

Expr can be one of the following filter primitives:

include: @include <file>
include the content of <file> into filter.
ip version: inet or ipv4 for IPv4
inet6 or ipv6 for IPv6
protocol: proto <protocol>
proto <number>
where <protocol> is known protocol such as tcp, udp, icmp, icmp6, gre, esp, ah, etc. or a valid protocol number: 6, 17 etc.
IP address

[src|dst] ip <ipaddr>
[src|dst] host <ipaddr>
with <ipaddr> as any valid IPv4, IPv6 address, or a full qualified hostname. In case of a hostname, the IP address is looked up in DNS. If more than a single IP address is found, all IP addresses are chained together. (ip1 or ip2 or ip3 ... )

To check if an IP address is in a known IP list, use
[src|dst] ip in [ <iplist> ]
[src|dst] host in [ <iplist> ]
<iplist> is a space or comma separated list of individual <ipaddr> or full qualified hostnames, which are looked up in DNS. If more than a single IP address is found, all IP addresses are put into the list.

[src|dst]: IP addresses, networks, ports, AS number etc. can be specifically selected by using a direction qualifier, such as src or dst. They can also be used in combination with and and or. such as src and dst ip ...
network: [src|dst] net a.b.c.d m.n.r.s
Select the IPv4 network a.b.c.d with netmask m.n.r.s.
[src|dst] net <net>/<num>
with <net> as a valid IPv4 or IPv6 network and <num> as maskbits. The number of mask bits must match the appropriate address familiy in IPv4 or IPv6. Networks may be abbreviated such as 172.16/16 if they are unambiguous.

Port

[src|dst] port [comp] <num>
with <num> as any valid port number. If comp is omitted, '=' is assumed. comp is explained more detailed below.
[src|dst] port in [ <portlist> ]
A port can be compared against a know list, where <portlist> is a space separated list of individual port numbers.

ICMP

icmp-type <num>
icmp-code <num>
with <num> as a valid icmp type/code. This automatically implies proto icmp.

Router ID

engine-type <num>
engine-id <num>
sysid <num>
with <num> as a valid router engine type/id or exporter ID(0..255).

Interface: [in|out] if <num>
Select input or output or either interface ID, with num as the SNMP interface number.
Example: in if 3
AS numbers: [src|dst|prev|next] as [comp] <num>
Selects source, dstination, previous, next or any AS number with <num> as any valid as number. 32bit AS numbers are supported. If comp is omitted, '=' is assumed. comp is explained more detailed below.
[src|dst|prev|next] as in [ <ASlist> ]
An AS number can be compared against a know list, where <ASlist> is a space or comma separated list of individual AS numbers.

Prefix mask bits: [src|dst] mask <bits>
with <bits> as any valid prefix mask bit value.
Vlan labels: [src|dst] vlan <num>
with <num> as any valid vlan label.
Flags: flags <tcpflags>
with <tcpflags> as a combination of:

A ACK.
S SYN.
F FIN.
R Reset.
P Push.
U Urgent.
X All flags on.

The ordering of the flags is not relevant. Flags not mentioned are treated as don't care. In order to get those flows with only the SYN flag set, use the syntax 'flags S and not flags AFRPU'.

Next hop IP: next ip <ipaddr>
with <ipaddr> as IPv4/IPv6 IP address of next hop router.
Next-hop router's IP in the BGP domain: bgpnext ip <ipaddr>
with <ipaddr> as IPv4/IPv6 next-hop router's IP in the BGP domain. ( v9 #18 )
Router IP: router ip <ipaddr>
Filter the flows according the IP address of the exporting router.
MAC addresses: [InOutSrcDst] mac <addr>
With <addr> any valid MAC address. mac can be more specific specified by using any combination of a direction specifier as defined by CISCO v9. in src, in dst, out src, out dst.
MPLS labels: mpls label<n> [comp] <num>
With <n> as any mpls label number 1..10. Filters exactly specified label<n>.
mpls eos [comp] <num>
Filters End of Stack label for a given value <num>.
mpls exp<n> [comp] <bits>
Filters experimental bits of label <n> with <bits> 0..7.
Packets: packets [comp] <num> [scale]
To filter for netflow records with a specific packet count.
Example: packets > 1k
Bytes: bytes [comp] <num> [scale]
To filter for netflow records with a specific byte count.
Example: bytes 46 filters all empty IPv4 packets
Aggregated flows: flows [comp] <num> [scale]
To filter for netflow records with a specific number of aggregated flows.
Type of Service (TOS): [SourceDestination] tos <num>
With <num> 0..255. For compatibility with nfdump 1.5.x: tos <num> is equivalent with src tos <num>
Packets per second: Calculated value.: pps [comp] num [scale]
To filter for flows with specific packets per second.
Duration: Calculated value: duration [comp] num
To filter for flows with specific duration in milliseconds.
Bits per second: Calculated value.: bps [comp] num [scale]
To filter for flows with specific bytes per second.
Bytes per packet: Calculated value.: bpp [comp] num [scale]
To filter for flows with specific bytes per packet.
scale scaling factor. Maybe k m g. Factor is 1000
comp The following comparators are supported:: =, ==, >, <, EQ, LT, GT . If comp is omitted, '=' is assumed.
NSEL/ASA specific filters:

NSEL/ASA Event

asa event <ignore|create|term|delete|deny>
asa event [comp] <number>
select NSEL/ASA event by name or number. If given as number it can be compared with a number

NSEL/ASA denied reason

asa event denied <ingress|egress|interface|nosyn>
Select a NSEL/ASA denied event by type

NSEL/ASA extended events

asa xevent [comp] <num>
Select an extended NSELL ASA event by number, or optionally compared by a number.

X-late IP addresses and ports

[src|dst] xip <ip>
Select the translated IP address

[src|dst] xnet <net>/<num>
with <net> as a valid translated IPv4 or IPv6 network and <num> as maskbits. The number of mask bits must match the appropriate address familiy in IPv4 or IPv6. Networks may be abbreviated such as 172.16/16 if they are unambiguous.

[src|dst] xport <port>
Select the translated port

NSEL/ASA ingress/egress

ingress <ACL|ACE|XACE> [comp] number
Select/compare an ingress ACL

egress ACL [comp] <number>
Select/compare an egress ACL

NEL specific NAT filters:

NAT Event

nat event <add|delete>
nat event [comp] <number>
select NEL NAT event by name or number. If given as number it can be compared with a number

NEL NAT ip addresses and ports

[src|dst] nip <ip>
Select the NAT IP address

[src|dst] nport <port>
Select the NAT port

NEL NAT vrf: ingress vrf <num>
Select the vrf

Flowlabel

One or more specific filter expressions can be assigned a flowlabel in order to identify the flow in the output according to the label. A flowlabel has the form %LabelName and is appended or prepended to a filter expression in braces. It may have up to 16 characters. Example: (ip 8.8.8.8) %GoogleDNS. If a filter matches, with a labeled expressions, and that expression is in the matching filter patch, the label can be printed in the output, using the %%lbl format token. See OUTPUT FORMATS. Example: Add flowlabel to end of 'line' format:
./nfdump -r <file> -o 'fmt:%line %lbl" ..
Note: A filter may have multiple matching paths - for example proto tcp or ip 8.8.8.8 The shortest path which evaluates successfully, wins. Other paths are skipped, which means that flowlabels are not printed in not evaluated filter paths. A filter may contain multiple flowlabels. The flowlabel of the last matching expression in the winning path is printed. Flowlabels are most useful in large and complex filters stored in one or multiple files, to better read the flow output list.
Example: (ip in [172.16.1.0/24]) %ISP_1 or (ip in [172.16.16.0/24]) %IPS_2 or %GoogleDNS((proto udp or proto tcp) and ip 8.8.8.8)

EXAMPLES

nfdump -r /and/dir/nfcapd.201107110845 -c 100 'proto tcp and ( src ip 172.16.17.18 or dst ip 172.16.17.19 )' Dumps the first 100 netflow records which match the given filter:

nfdump -r /and/dir/nfcapd.201107110845 -B Map matching flows as bin-directional single flow.

nfdump -R /and/dir/nfcapd.201107110845:nfcapd.200407110945 'host 192.168.1.2' Dumps all netflow records of host 192.168.1.2 from July 11 08:45 - 09:45

nfdump -M /to/and/dir1:dir2 -R nfcapd.200407110845:nfcapd.200407110945 -s record -n 20 Generates the Top 20 statistics from 08:45 to 09:45 from 3 sources

nfdump -r /and/dir/nfcapd.201107110845 -s record -n 20 -o extended Generates the Top 20 statistics, extended output format

nfdump -r /and/dir/nfcapd.201107110845 -s record -n 20 'in if 5 and bps > 10k' Generates the Top 20 statistics from flows coming from interface 5

nfdump -r /and/dir/nfcapd.201107110845 'inet6 and proto tcp and ( src port > 1024 and dst port 80 ) Dumps all port 80 IPv6 connections to any web server.

NOTES

Generating the statistics for data files of a few hundred MB is no problem. However be careful if you want to create statistics of several GB of data. This may consume a lot of memory and can take a while. Flow anonymization has moved into nfanon.

BUGS

There is still the famous last bug. Please report them - all the last bugs - back to me.