NAME

col - filter reverse line feeds from input

SYNOPSIS

col [options]

DESCRIPTION

col filters out reverse (and half-reverse) line feeds so the output is in the correct order with only forward and half-forward line feeds, and replaces white-space characters with tabs where possible. This can be useful in processing the output of nroff(1) and tbl(1).

col reads from standard input and writes to standard output.

OPTIONS

-b, --no-backspaces: Do not output any backspaces, printing only the last character written to each column position.
-f, --fine: Forward half line feeds are permitted fine mode. Normally characters printed on a half-line boundary are printed on the following line.
-p, --pass: Force unknown control sequences to be passed through unchanged. Normally, col will filter out any control sequences from the input other than those recognized and interpreted by itself, which are listed below.
-h, --tabs: Output tabs instead of multiple spaces.
-x, --spaces: Output multiple spaces instead of tabs.
-l, --lines number: Buffer at least number lines in memory. By default, 128 lines are buffered.
-V, --version: Output version information and exit.
-H, --help: Output help and exit.

NOTES

The control sequences for carriage motion that col understands and their decimal values are listed in the following table:

ESC-7: reverse line feed (escape then 7)
ESC-8: half reverse line feed (escape then 8)
ESC-9: half forward line feed (escape then 9)
backspace: moves back one column (8); ignored in the first column
newline: forward line feed (10); also does carriage return
carriage return: (13)
shift in: shift to normal character set (15)
shift out: shift to alternate character set (14)
space: moves forward one column (32)
tab: moves forward to next tab stop (9)
vertical tab: reverse line feed (11)

All unrecognized control characters and escape sequences are discarded.

col keeps track of the character set as characters are read and makes sure the character set is correct when they are output.

If the input attempts to back up to the last flushed line, col will display a warning message.

STANDARDS

The col utility conforms to the Single UNIX Specification, Version 2. The -l option is an extension to the standard.

HISTORY

A col command appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX.

AVAILABILITY

The col command is part of the util-linux package and is available from Linux Kernel Archive.