NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

-H <tcp_port>

Enable hypervisor mode.
The hypervisor mode of dynamips allows you to run simultaneously many virtual router instances, and to simulate ATM, Ethernet or Frame‐Relay networks.
You can connect directly to the TCP control port with telnet, or use dynagen(1), dynagui(1) that will pass commands transparently. The second method is highly recommended.

-l <log_file>

Set logging file (default is dynamips_log.txt)

-j

Disable the JIT compiler, very slow

--exec-area <size>

Set the exec area size (default: 64 Mb)
The exec area is a pool of host memory used to store pages translated by the JIT (they contain the native code corresponding to MIPS code pages).

--idle-pc <pc>

Set the idle PC (default: disabled)
The "idle PC" feature allows you to run a router instance without having a 100% CPU load. This implies that you can run a larger number of instances per real machine.
To determine the "idle PC", start normally the emulator with your Cisco IOS image, and a totally IOS empty configuration (although not mandatory, this will give better results). When the image is fully booted, wait for the "Press RETURN to get started!" message prompt, but do not press Enter key. Wait about 5 seconds, then press "Ctrl‐] + i". Some statistics will be gathered during 10 seconds. At the end, the emulator will display a list of possible values to pass to the "--idle-pc" option. You may have to try some values before finding the good one. To check if the idle PC value is good, just boot the Cisco IOS image, and check your CPU load when the console prompt is available. If it is low, you have found a good value, keep it preciously.
Important remarks:
* An "idle PC" value is *specific* to a Cisco IOS image. You cannot boot a different IOS image without proceeding as described above.
* Do not run the process while having the "autoconfiguration" prompt.

--timer-itv <val>

Timer IRQ interval check (default: 1000)

-i <instance>

Set instance ID

-r <ram_size>

Set the virtual RAM size (default: 256 Mb)

-o <rom_size>

Set the virtual ROM size (default: 4 Mb)

-n <nvram_size>

Set the NVRAM size (default: 128 Kb)

-c <conf_reg>

Set the configuration register (default: 0x2102)

-m <mac_addr>

Set the MAC address of the chassis (default: automatically generated)

-C, --startup-config <file>

Import IOS configuration file into NVRAM

--private-config <file>

Import IOS configuration file into NVRAM

-X

Do not use a file to simulate RAM (faster)

-R <rom_file>

Load an alternate ROM (default: embedded)

-k <clock_div>

Set the clock divisor (default: 4)
Specify the clock divider (integer) based on the host clock. Alter the value to match the CISCO clock with the real time. The command "show clock" at the IOS' CLI will help you set this value.

-T <port>

Console is on TCP <port>

-U <si_desc>

Console in on serial interface <si_desc> (default is on the terminal)

-A <port>

AUX is on TCP <port>

-B <si_desc>

AUX is on serial interface <si_desc> (default is no AUX port)

--disk0 <size>

Set PCMCIA ATA disk0: size (default: 64 Mb)

--disk1 <size>

Set PCMCIA ATA disk1: size (default: 0 Mb)

-a <cfg_file>

Virtual ATM switch configuration file.

-f <cfg_file>

Virtual Frame‐Relay switch configuration file.

-E <cfg_file>

Virtual Ethernet switch configuration file.

-e

Show network device list of the host machine.

OPTIONS specific to the Cisco 7200 series

-t <npe_type>

Select NPE type (default: "npe‐200")

-M <midplane>

Select Midplane ("std" or "vxr")

-p <pa_desc>

Define a Port Adapter

-s <pa_nio>

Bind a Network IO interface to a Port Adapter

OPTIONS specific to the Cisco 3600 series

-t <chassis_type>

Select Chassis type (default: "3640")

-p <nm_desc>

Define a Network Module

-s <nm_nio>

Bind a Network IO interface to a Network Module

Cisco 7200 Port Adapter Description <pa_desc>

Format

slot:pa_driver

slot

the number of the physical slot (starts from 0)

pa_driver

the name of a Port Adapter driver in:

Cisco 3600 Network Module Description <nm_desc>

Format

slot:nm_driver

slot

the number of the physical slot (starts from 0)

nm_driver

the name of a Network Module driver in:

NIO binding to Port Adapter <pa_nio> and Network Modules <nm_nio> :

Format

slot:port:netio_type[:netio_parameters]

slot

the number of the physical slot (starts from 0)

port

the port in the specified slot (starts from 0)

netio_type

host interface for communication

VTTY binding to real serial port device <si_desc>

Format

<device>{:baudrate{:databits{:parity{:stopbits{:hwflow}}}}}}

Escape commands

o

Show the VM object list

d

Show the device list

r

Dump MIPS CPU registers

t

Dump MIPS TLB entries

m

Dump the latest memory accesses

s

Suspend CPU emulation

u

Resume CPU emulation

q

Quit the emulator

b

Dump the instruction block tree

h

JIT hash table statistics

l

MTS64 cache statistics

c

Write IOS configuration to disk (ios_cfg.txt)

j

Non‐JIT mode statistics

x

Experimentations (can crash the box!)

^]

Send ^]
If you press an unrecognized key, help will be shown. Note: on Windows, it may be the "Ctrl + $" sequence.

Virtual Bridge

interface_name:netio_type[:netio_parameters]

Example:

# Connection to instance "I0"
I0:udp:10000:127.0.0.1:10001
# Connection to instance "I1"
I1:udp:10002:127.0.0.1:10003
# Connection to instance "I2"
I2:udp:10004:127.0.0.1:10005
    

The "I0" instance would be launched with the following parameters:

dynamips ios.bin -p 1:PA-FE-TX -s 1:0:udp:10001:127.0.0.1:10000

Virtual Ethernet switch

IF:interface_name:netio_type[:netio_parameters]

Access Port

ACCESS:interface_name:vlan_id

802.1Q Trunk Port

DOT1Q:interface_name:native_vlan

The native VLAN is not tagged. On Cisco devices, by default the native VLAN is VLAN 1.

Example of configuration file:

IF:E0:udp:10000:127.0.0.1:10001
IF:E1:udp:10002:127.0.0.1:10003
IF:E2:gen_eth:eth0
DOT1Q:E0:1
ACCESS:E1:4
DOT1Q:E2:1
    

Virtual ATM switch

Example of configuration file (specified by the "-a" option):

# Virtual Interface List
IF:A0:udp:10001:127.0.0.1:10000
IF:A1:udp:10002:127.0.0.1:10003
IF:A2:udp:10004:127.0.0.1:10005
# VP connection between I0 and I1
VP:A0:10:A1:20
VP:A1:20:A0:10
# VP connection between I0 and I2
VP:A0:11:A2:30
VP:A2:30:A0:11
# VC connection between I1 and I2
VC:A1:5:2:A2:7:3
VC:A2:7:3:A1:5:2
    

In this example, we have 3 virtual interfaces, A0, A1 and A2. The syntax for interface definition is similar to Port Adapters:

IF:interface_name:netio_type[:netio_parameters]

You can do VP switching or VC switching:

VP switching

VP:input_if:input_vpi:output_if:output_vpi

VC switching

VC:input_if:input_vpi:input_vci:output_if:output_vpi:output_vci

Testing the Virtual ATM switch with one dynamips instance

Virtual ATM switch configuration file ("atm.cfg"):

IF:A0:udp:10003:127.0.0.1:10001
IF:A1:udp:10004:127.0.0.1:10002
# a0/vpi=1/vci=100 connects to a1/vpi=2/vci=200
VC:A0:1:100:A1:2:200
VC:A1:2:200:A0:1:100
    

Invoking dynamips:

./dynamips -p 1:PA-A1 -s 1:0:udp:10001:127.0.0.1:10003 -p 2:PA-A1 -s 2:0:udp:10002:127.0.0.1:10004 -a atm.cfg IOS.BIN
(note input ports of IOS interfaces are output ports of ATM switch interfaces, and vice versa).

IOS Configuration:

ip cef
ip vrf test
 rd 1:1
 route-target both 1:1
int a1/0
 no shut
int a1/0.2 p
 ip addr 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 pvc 1/100
interface a2/0
 no shut
interface a2/0.2 p
 ip vrf forwarding test
 ip addr 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
 pvc 2/200
!
    

Virtual Frame‐Relay switch

Example of configuration file (specified by the "-f" option):

# Virtual Interface List
IF:S0:udp:10001:127.0.0.1:10000
IF:S1:udp:10002:127.0.0.1:10003
# DLCI switching between S0 and S1
VC:S0:200:S1:100
VC:S1:100:S0:200
    

In this example, we have 2 virtual interfaces, S0 and S1. The syntax for interface definition is similar to Port Adapters:

IF:interface_name:netio_type[:netio_parameters]

DLCI switching syntax:

BUGS

See RELEASE-NOTES.

REPORTING BUGS

SEE ALSO

OLD WEBSITES

AUTHOR