NAME

entr —

run arbitrary commands when files change

SYNOPSIS

entr [-acdnprsz] utility [argument /_ ...]

DESCRIPTION

A list of files provided on standard input, and the utility is executed using the supplied arguments if any of them change. entr waits for the child process to finish before responding to subsequent file system events. A TTY is also opened before entering the watch loop in order to support interactive utilities.

The arguments are as follows:

-a: Respond to all events which occur while the utility is running. Without this option, entr consolidates events in order to avoid looping. This option has no effect in conjunction with the -r flag.
-c: Clear the screen before invoking the utility specified on the command line. Specify twice to erase the scrollback buffer.
-d: Track the directories of regular files provided as input and exit if a new file is added. This option also enables directories to be specified explicitly. If specified twice, all new entries to a directory are recognized, otherwise files with names beginning with ‘.’ are ignored.
-n: Run in non-interactive mode. In this mode entr does not attempt to read from the TTY or change its properties.
-p: Postpone the first execution of the utility until a file is modified.
-r: Reload a persistent child process. As with the standard mode of operation, a utility which terminates is not executed again until a file system or keyboard event is processed. SIGTERM is used to terminate the utility before it is restarted. A process group is created to prevent shell scripts from masking signals. entr waits for the utility to exit to ensure that resources such as sockets have been closed. Control of the TTY is not transferred to the child process.
-s: Evaluate the first argument using the interpreter specified by the SHELL environment variable. If standard output is a TTY, the name of the shell and exit code is printed after each invocation.
-z: Exit after the utility completes. When combined with -r the utility will be restarted again only in response to commands or file system events.

The first argument named /_ is replaced with the absolute path of the first file to trigger an event. The first file under watch is used as the default. If the -s option is used, the name of the first file to trigger an event can be read from $0.

COMMANDS

entr listens for keyboard input and responds to the following commands:

⟨space⟩: Execute the utility immediately. If the -r option is set this will terminate and restart the child process as if a file change event had occurred.
q: Quit; equivalent pressing ⟨control-C⟩.

ENVIRONMENT

PAGER: Set to /bin/cat by default to prevent interactive utilities from waiting for keyboard input if output does not fit on the screen.
SHELL: Specify the shell to use with the -s flag. The default is /bin/sh.
EV_TRACE: Print file system event messages.

EXIT STATUS

If the -z flag is set and the utility is successfully executed, the status of the child process is returned. Otherwise entr normally returns one of the following values:

0: Normal termination after receiving SIGINT
1: No regular files were provided as input or an error occurred
2: A file was added to a directory and the directory watch option was specified

EXAMPLES

Rebuild a project if source files change, limiting output to the first 20 lines:

$ find src/ | entr -s 'make | sed
  20q'

Launch and auto-reload a node.js server:

$ ls *.js | entr -r node
  app.js

Clear the screen and run a query after the SQL script is updated:

$ echo my.sql | entr -cp psql -f
  /_

Rebuild project if a source file is modified or added to the src/ directory:

$ while sleep 0.1; do ls src/*.rb |
  entr -d make; done

Auto-reload a web server, or terminate if the server exits

$ ls * | entr -rz
  ./httpd