Run core options

-R

--runcore [CORE]

Select the runcore. The following cores are available in Parrot, but not all may be available on your system:

  fast           bare-bones core without bounds-checking or
                 context-updating (default)

  slow, bounds   bounds checking core

  trace          bounds checking core with trace info
                 (see 'parrot --help-debug')

  profiling      see F<docs/dev/profiling.pod>

  subprof        subroutine-level profiler
                 (see POD in F<src/runcore/subprof.c>)
    

-p

--profile Run with the slow core and print an execution profile.

-t

--trace Run with the slow core and print trace information to stderr.

See "parrot --help-debug" for available flag bits.

VM options

-D

--parrot-debug[=HEXFLAGS]

Turn on interpreter debug flag. See "parrot --help-debug" for available flag bits.

--help-debug Print the summary of debugging and tracing flag bits.

-w

--warnings Turn on warnings.

See "parrot --help-debug" for available flag bits.

-G

--no-gc Turn off GC.

This may prove useful for finding GC-related bugs.

-g

--gc [GC-type]

GC MS2 options

--gc-dynamic-threshold=percentage

Maximum memory wasted by GC

--gc-min-threshold=Kb

GC GMS options

--gc-nursery-size=percent of system

Size of gen0 (default 2)

--gc-debug Turn on GC (Garbage Collection) debugging.

This imposes some stress on the GC subsystem and can considerably slow down execution.

--leak-test|--destroy-at-end

Free all memory of the last interpreter. This is useful when running leak checkers.

-.

--wait Read a keystroke before starting.

This is useful when you want to attach a debugger on platforms such as Windows.

--runtime-prefix

Print the runtime prefix path and exit.

--numthreads <number>

Overrides the automatically detected number of CPU cores to set the number of OS threads. Minimum number: 2

Compiler options

-O[level]

Valid optimizer levels: "-O", "-O1", "-O2", "-Op"

-O1 enables the pre_optimizer, runs before control flow graph (CFG) is built. It includes strength reduction and rewrites certain if/branch/label constructs.

-O2 runs afterwards, handles constant propagation, jump optimizations, removal of unused labels and dead code.

-Op applies -O2 to pasm files also.

The old options -Oc (tailcall) and -Oj are currently ineffective.

-O defaults to -O1.

-d[=HEXFLAGS]

--imcc-debug[=HEXFLAGS]

Turn on compiler debug flags. See "parrot --help-debug" for available flag bits.

-E

--pre-process-only

Preprocess source file (expand macros) and print result to "stdout":

  $> parrot -E t/op/macro_10.pasm
  $> parrot -E t/op/macro_10.pasm | parrot -- -
    

-o

--output=FILE Act like an assembler, but do not execute the code,

unless the -r is supplied as well. If 'outputfile' ends with .pbc, 'parrot' will write a PBC file. If it ends with .pasm, 'parrot' will output a PASM file, even from PASM input.

--output-pbc Act like an assembler, but always output bytecode,

even if the output file does not end in .pbc

-a

--pasm Assume PASM input on "stdin".

-c

--pbc Assume PBC file on "stdin" and execute it.

NOTE: If whitespace separates the -d switch from the argument, the argument must start with a number, i.e., a decimal digit.

-r

--run-pbc Only useful after "-o" or "--output-pbc".

Execute the program from the compiled in-memory image. If two "-r" options are supplied, the .pbc file is read from disc and executed. This is needed, primarily, for tests.

-y

--yydebug Turn on yydebug in yacc/bison.

-v

--verbose Turn on compiler verbosity.

<file>

If the file ends in .pasm, then it is parsed as PASM code. Otherwise, it is parsed as PIR code. In both cases, it will then be executed, unless the "-o" flag was supplied.

If the "file" is a single dash, input from "stdin" is read.

[arguments ...]