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RNAPALN(1) |
User Commands |
RNAPALN(1) |
RNApaln - manual page for RNApaln 2.5.0
RNApaln 2.5.0
RNA alignment based on sequence base pairing propensities
Uses string-alignment techniques to perform fast pairwise
structural alignments of RNAs. Similar to RNApdist secondary structure is
incorporated in an approximate manner by computing base pair probabilities,
which are then reduced to a vector holding the probability that a base is
paired upstream, downstream, or remains unpaired. Such pair propsensity
vectors can then be compared using standard alignment algorithms. In
contrast to RNApdist, RNApaln performs similarity (instead of distance)
alignments, considers both sequence and structure information, and uses
affine (rather than linear) gap costs. RNApaln can perform semi-local
alignments by using free end gaps, a true local alignment mode is
planned.
The same approach has since been used in the StraL program from
Gerhard Steeger's group. Since StraL has optimized parameters and a multiple
alignment mode, it be be currently the better option.
- -h, --help
- Print help and exit
- --detailed-help
- Print help, including all details and hidden options, and exit
- --full-help
- Print help, including hidden options, and exit
- -V, --version
- Print version and exit
- Below are command line options which alter the general behavior of this
program
- -B, --printAlignment[=filename]
- Print an "alignment" with gaps of the
- profiles
- The aligned structures are written to filename, if specified Otherwise
output is written to stdout, unless the -Xm option is set in which
case "backtrack.file" is used.
- (default=`stdout')
- The following symbols are used:
- (
- ) essentially upstream (downstream) paired bases
- {
- } weakly upstream (downstream) paired bases
- |
- strongly paired bases without preference
- ,
- weakly paired bases without preference
- .
- essentially unpaired bases.
- --noconv
- Do not automatically substitude nucleotide "T" with
"U"
- (default=off)
- Select additional algorithms which should be included in the
calculations.
- -X, --mode=pmfc
- Set the alignment mode to be used
- The alignment mode is passed as a single character value. The following
options are available: 'p' - Compare the structures pairwise, that is
first with 2nd, third with 4th etc. This is the default.
- 'm'
- - Calculate the distance matrix between all structures. The output is
- formatted as a lower triangle matrix.
- 'f' - Compare each structure to the first one.
- 'c' - Compare continuously, that is i-th with (i+1)th structure.
- --gapo=open
- Set the gap open penalty
- --gape=ext
- Set the gap extension penalty
- --seqw=w
- Set the weight of sequence (compared to structure) in the scoring
function.
- --endgaps
- Use free end-gaps
- (default=off)
- -T, --temp=DOUBLE
- Rescale energy parameters to a temperature of temp C. Default is 37C.
- -4, --noTetra
- Do not include special tabulated stabilizing energies for tri-, tetra- and
hexaloop hairpins. Mostly for testing.
- (default=off)
- -d, --dangles=INT
- How to treat "dangling end" energies for bases adjacent to
helices in free ends and multi-loops
- (default=`2')
- With -d1 only unpaired bases can participate in at most one
dangling end. With -d2 this check is ignored, dangling energies
will be added for the bases adjacent to a helix on both sides in any case;
this is the default for mfe and partition function folding (-p).
The option -d0 ignores dangling ends altogether (mostly for
debugging). With -d3 mfe folding will allow coaxial stacking of
adjacent helices in multi-loops. At the moment the implementation will not
allow coaxial stacking of the two interior pairs in a loop of degree 3 and
works only for mfe folding.
- Note that with -d1 and -d3 only the MFE computations will be
using this setting while partition function uses -d2 setting, i.e.
dangling ends will be treated differently.
- --noLP
- Produce structures without lonely pairs (helices of length 1).
- (default=off)
- For partition function folding this only disallows pairs that can only
occur isolated. Other pairs may still occasionally occur as helices of
length 1.
- --noGU
- Do not allow GU pairs
- (default=off)
- --noClosingGU
- Do not allow GU pairs at the end of helices
- (default=off)
- -P, --paramFile=paramfile
- Read energy parameters from paramfile, instead of using the default
parameter set.
- Different sets of energy parameters for RNA and DNA should accompany your
distribution. See the RNAlib documentation for details on the file format.
When passing the placeholder file name "DNA", DNA parameters are
loaded without the need to actually specify any input file.
- --nsp=STRING
- Allow other pairs in addition to the usual AU,GC,and GU pairs.
- Its argument is a comma separated list of additionally allowed pairs. If
the first character is a "-" then AB will imply that AB and BA
are allowed pairs. e.g. RNAfold -nsp -GA will allow GA and
AG pairs. Nonstandard pairs are given 0 stacking energy.
- -e, --energyModel=INT
- Rarely used option to fold sequences from the artificial ABCD... alphabet,
where A pairs B, C-D etc. Use the energy parameters for GC (-e 1)
or AU (-e 2) pairs.
If you use this program in your work you might want to cite:
R. Lorenz, S.H. Bernhart, C. Hoener zu Siederdissen, H. Tafer, C.
Flamm, P.F. Stadler and I.L. Hofacker (2011), "ViennaRNA Package
2.0", Algorithms for Molecular Biology: 6:26
I.L. Hofacker, W. Fontana, P.F. Stadler, S. Bonhoeffer, M. Tacker,
P. Schuster (1994), "Fast Folding and Comparison of RNA Secondary
Structures", Monatshefte f. Chemie: 125, pp 167-188
R. Lorenz, I.L. Hofacker, P.F. Stadler (2016), "RNA folding
with hard and soft constraints", Algorithms for Molecular Biology 11:1
pp 1-13
Bonhoeffer S, McCaskill J S, Stadler P F, Schuster P (1993),
"RNA multi-structure landscapes", Euro Biophys J: 22, pp 13-24
The energy parameters are taken from:
D.H. Mathews, M.D. Disney, D. Matthew, J.L. Childs, S.J.
Schroeder, J. Susan, M. Zuker, D.H. Turner (2004), "Incorporating
chemical modification constraints into a dynamic programming algorithm for
prediction of RNA secondary structure", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA:
101, pp 7287-7292
D.H Turner, D.H. Mathews (2009), "NNDB: The nearest neighbor
parameter database for predicting stability of nucleic acid secondary
structure", Nucleic Acids Research: 38, pp 280-282
Peter F Stadler, Ivo L Hofacker, Sebastian Bonhoeffer
If in doubt our program is right, nature is at fault. Comments should be sent to
rna@tbi.univie.ac.at.
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