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WMCTRL(1) |
FreeBSD General Commands Manual |
WMCTRL(1) |
wmctrl - interact with a EWMH/NetWM compatible X Window Manager.
wmctrl [ options | actions ]...
wmctrl is a command that can be used to interact with an X Window manager
that is compatible with the EWMH/NetWM specification. wmctrl can query
the window manager for information, and it can request that certain window
management actions be taken.
wmctrl is controlled entirely by its command line
arguments. The command line arguments are used to specify the action to be
performed (with options that modify behavior) and any arguments that might
be needed to perform the actions.
The following sections define the supported actions and options.
Arguments to the actions and options are written in the form
<ARGNAME> in the descriptions below. The detailed syntax for
writing arguments are in a single section dedicated to that purpose.
The following command line arguments can be specified to invoke a wmctrl
action. Only one action can be executed with the invocation of the
wmctrl command.
- -a <WIN>
- Switch to the desktop containing the window <WIN>, raise the
window, and give it focus.
- -b ( add | remove | toggle),prop1 [,prop2
]
- Add, remove, or toggle up to two window properties simultaneously. The
window that is being modified must be identified with a -r action.
The property change is achived by using the EWMH _NET_WM_STATE request.
The supported property names (for prop1 and prop2) are
modal, sticky, maximized_vert, maximized_horz,
shaded, skip_taskbar, skip_pager, hidden,
fullscreen, above and below. Two properties are
supported to allow operations like maximizing a window to full screen
mode. Note that this action is made up of exactly two shell command line
arguments.
- -c <WIN>
- Close the window <WIN> gracefully.
- -d
- List all desktops managed by the window manager. One line is output for
each desktop, with the line broken up into space separated columns. The
first column contains an integer desktop number. The second column
contains a '*' character for the current desktop, otherwise it contains a
'-' character. The next two columns contain the fixed string DG:
and then the desktop geometry as
'<width>x<height>' (e.g. '1280x1024').
The following two columns contain the fixed string VP: and then the
viewport position in the format '<y>,<y>'
(e.g. '0,0'). The next three columns after this contains the fixed
string WA: and then two columns with the workarea geometry as
'X,Y and WxH' (e.g. '0,0 1280x998').
The rest of the line contains the name of the desktop (possibly containing
multiple spaces).
- -e <MVARG>
- Resize and move a window that has been specified with a -r action
according to the <MVARG> argument.
- -g w,h
- Change the geometry (common size) of all desktops so they are w
pixels wide and h pixels high. w and h must be
positive integers. A window manager may ignore this request.
- -h
- Print help text about program usage.
- -I name
- Set the icon name (short title) of the window specified by a -r
action to name.
- -k ( on | off )
- Turn on or off the window manager's "show the desktop" mode (if
the window manager implements this feature).
- -l
- List the windows being managed by the window manager. One line is output
for each window, with the line broken up into space separated columns. The
first column always contains the window identity as a hexadecimal integer,
and the second column always contains the desktop number (a -1 is used to
identify a sticky window). If the -p option is specified the next
column will contain the PID for the window as a decimal integer. If the
-G option is specified then four integer columns will follow:
x-offset, y-offset, width and height. The next column always contains the
client machine name. The remainder of the line contains the window title
(possibly with multiple spaces in the title).
- -m
- Display information about the window manager and the environment.
- -n N
- Change the number of desktops to N (a non-negative integer).
- -N name
- Set the name (long title) of the window specified by a -r action to
name.
- -o x,y
- Change the viewport for the current desktop. The values x and
y are numeric offsets that specify the position of the top left
corner of the viewport. A window manager may ignore this request.
- -r <WIN>
- Specify a target window for an action.
- -R <WIN>
- Move the window <WIN> to the current desktop, raise the
window, and give it focus.
- -s <DESK>
- Switch to the desktop <DESK>.
- -t <DESK>
- Move a window that has been specified with the -r action to the
desktop <DESK>.
- -T name
- Set the both the name (long title) and icon name (short title) of the
window specified by a -r action to name. This action is like
using the -N and -I actions at the same time (which would
otherwise be impossible since wmctrl can execute only one action at
a time).
The following options modify the default actions, or they modify the
interpretation of arguments.
- -F
- Window name arguments (<WIN>) are to be treated as exact
window titles that are case sensitive. Without this options window titles
are considered to be case insensitive substrings of the full window title.
- -G
- Include geometry information in the output of the -l action.
- -i
- Interpret window arguments (<WIN>) as a numeric value rather
than a string name for the window. If the numeric value starts with the
prefix '0x' it is assumed to be a hexadecimal number.
- -p
- Include PIDs in the window list printed by the -l action. Prints a
PID of '0' if the application owning the window does not support it.
- -u
- Override auto-detection and force UTF-8 mode.
- -v
- Provide verbose output. This is really useful when debugging wmctrl
itself.
- -w [ <WORKAROUND>[,<WORKAROUND>]... ]
- Use workarounds specified in the argument.
- -x
- Include WM_CLASS in the window list or interpret <WIN> as the
WM_CLASS name.
- <DESK>
- A Desktop is always specified by an integer which represents the desktop
numbers. Desktop numbers start at 0.
- <MVARG>
- A move and resize argument has the format
'g,x,y,w,h'.
All five components are integers. The first value, g, is the
gravity of the window, with 0 being the most common value (the default
value for the window). Please see the EWMH specification for other
values.
- The four remaining values are a standard geometry specification:
x,y is the position of the top left corner of the
window, and w,h is the width and height of the
window, with the exception that the value of -1 in any position is
interpreted to mean that the current geometry value should not be
modified.
- <WIN>
- This argument specifies a window that is the target of an action. By
default the argument is treated as if were a string, and windows are
examined until one is found with a title the contains the specified string
as a substring. The substring matching is done in a case insensitive
manner. The -F option may be used to force exact, case sensitive
title matching. The option -i may be used to interpret the window
target as a numeric window identity instead of a string.
- The window name string :SELECT: is treated specially. If this
window name is used then wmctrl waits for the user to select the
target window by clicking on it.
- The window name string :ACTIVE: may be used to instruct
wmctrl to use the currently active window for the action.
- <WORKAROUND>
- There is only one work around currently implemeted. It is specified by
using the string DESKTOP_TITLES_INVALID_UTF8 and it causes the
printing of non-ASCII desktop tiles correctly when using Window Maker.
Getting a list of windows managed by the window manager
- wmctrl -l
Getting a list of windows with PID and geometry information.
- wmctrl -p -G -l
Going to the window with a name containing 'emacs' in it
- wmctrl -a emacs
Shade a window with a title that contains the word 'mozilla'
- wmctrl -r mozilla -b add,shaded
Close a very specifically titled window sticky
- wmctrl -F -c 'Debian bug tracking system - Mozilla'
Toggle the 'stickiness' of a window with a specific window
identity
- wmctrl -i -r 0x0120002 -b add,sticky
Change the title of window to a specified string but choose the
window by clicking on it
- wmctrl -r :SELECT: -T "Selected Window"
zenity(1) is a useful dialog program for building scripts with
wmctrl.
Some examples of EWMH/NetWM compatible window managers include
recent versions of Enlightenment, Icewm, Kwin, Sawfish and Xfce.
wmctrl was written by Tomas Styblo <tripie@cpan.org>.
This manual page was written by Shyamal Prasad
<shyamal@member.fsf.org> for the Debian project (but may be used by
others).
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