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Man Pages
ICONV_OPEN(3) Linux Programmer's Manual ICONV_OPEN(3)

iconv_open - allocate descriptor for character set conversion

#include <iconv.h>

iconv_t iconv_open (const char* tocode, const char* fromcode);

The iconv_open function allocates a conversion descriptor suitable for converting byte sequences from character encoding fromcode to character encoding tocode.

The values permitted for fromcode and tocode and the supported combinations are system dependent. For the libiconv library, the following encodings are supported, in all combinations.

European languages
    
ASCII, ISO-8859-{1,2,3,4,5,7,9,10,13,14,15,16}, KOI8-R, KOI8-U, KOI8-RU, CP{1250,1251,1252,1253,1254,1257}, CP{850,866,1131}, Mac{Roman,CentralEurope,Iceland,Croatian,Romania}, Mac{Cyrillic,Ukraine,Greek,Turkish}, Macintosh
Semitic languages
    
ISO-8859-{6,8}, CP{1255,1256}, CP862, Mac{Hebrew,Arabic}
Japanese
    
EUC-JP, SHIFT_JIS, CP932, ISO-2022-JP, ISO-2022-JP-2, ISO-2022-JP-1, ISO-2022-JP-MS
Chinese
    
EUC-CN, HZ, GBK, CP936, GB18030, EUC-TW, BIG5, CP950, BIG5-HKSCS, BIG5-HKSCS:2004, BIG5-HKSCS:2001, BIG5-HKSCS:1999, ISO-2022-CN, ISO-2022-CN-EXT
Korean
    
EUC-KR, CP949, ISO-2022-KR, JOHAB
Armenian
    
ARMSCII-8
Georgian
    
Georgian-Academy, Georgian-PS
Tajik
    
KOI8-T
Kazakh
    
PT154, RK1048
Thai
    
TIS-620, CP874, MacThai
Laotian
    
MuleLao-1, CP1133
Vietnamese
    
VISCII, TCVN, CP1258
Platform specifics
    
HP-ROMAN8, NEXTSTEP
Full Unicode
    
UTF-8
    
UCS-2, UCS-2BE, UCS-2LE
    
UCS-4, UCS-4BE, UCS-4LE
    
UTF-16, UTF-16BE, UTF-16LE
    
UTF-32, UTF-32BE, UTF-32LE
    
UTF-7
    
C99, JAVA
Full Unicode, in terms of uint16_t or uint32_t
(with machine dependent endianness and alignment)
    
UCS-2-INTERNAL, UCS-4-INTERNAL
Locale dependent, in terms of char or wchar_t
(with machine dependent endianness and alignment, and with semantics depending on the OS and the current LC_CTYPE locale facet)
    
char, wchar_t

When configured with the option --enable-extra-encodings, it also provides support for a few extra encodings:

European languages
CP{437,737,775,852,853,855,857,858,860,861,863,865,869,1125}
    
Semitic languages
    
CP864
Japanese
    
EUC-JISX0213, Shift_JISX0213, ISO-2022-JP-3
Chinese
    
BIG5-2003 (experimental)
Turkmen
    
TDS565
Platform specifics
    
ATARIST, RISCOS-LATIN1

The empty encoding name "" is equivalent to "char": it denotes the locale dependent character encoding.

When the string "//TRANSLIT" is appended to tocode, transliteration is activated. This means that when a character cannot be represented in the target character set, it can be approximated through one or several characters that look similar to the original character.

When the string "//IGNORE" is appended to tocode, characters that cannot be represented in the target character set will be silently discarded.

The resulting conversion descriptor can be used with iconv any number of times. It remains valid until deallocated using iconv_close.

A conversion descriptor contains a conversion state. After creation using iconv_open, the state is in the initial state. Using iconv modifies the descriptor's conversion state. (This implies that a conversion descriptor can not be used in multiple threads simultaneously.) To bring the state back to the initial state, use iconv with NULL as inbuf argument.

The iconv_open function returns a freshly allocated conversion descriptor. In case of error, it sets errno and returns (iconv_t)(-1).

The following error can occur, among others:
EINVAL
The conversion from fromcode to tocode is not supported by the implementation.

POSIX:2001

iconv(3) iconvctl(3) iconv_close(3)
October 23, 2011 GNU

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