NAME

"Net::Async::CassandraCQL" - use Cassandra databases with IO::Async using CQL

SYNOPSIS

 use IO::Async::Loop;
 use Net::Async::CassandraCQL;
 use Protocol::CassandraCQL qw( CONSISTENCY_QUORUM );

 my $loop = IO::Async::Loop->new;

 my $cass = Net::Async::CassandraCQL->new(
    host => "localhost",
    keyspace => "my-keyspace",
    default_consistency => CONSISTENCY_QUORUM,
 );
 $loop->add( $cass );


 $cass->connect->get;


 my @f;
 foreach my $number ( 1 .. 100 ) {
    push @f, $cass->query( "INSERT INTO numbers (v) VALUES $number" );
 }
 Future->needs_all( @f )->get;


 my $get_stmt = $cass->prepare( "SELECT v FROM numbers" )->get;

 my ( undef, $result ) = $get_stmt->execute( [] )->get;

 foreach my $row ( $result->rows_hash ) {
    say "We have a number " . $row->{v};
 }

DESCRIPTION

This module allows use of the "CQL3" interface of a Cassandra database. It fully supports asynchronous operation via IO::Async, allowing both direct queries and prepared statements to be managed concurrently, if required. Alternatively, as the interface is entirely based on Future objects, it can be operated synchronously in a blocking fashion by simply awaiting each individual operation by calling the "get" method.

It is based on Protocol::CassandraCQL, which more completely documents the behaviours and limits of its ability to communicate with Cassandra.

EVENTS

on_node_up $nodeid

on_node_down $nodeid

The node's status has changed. $nodeid is the node's IP address as a text string.

on_node_new $nodeid

on_node_removed $nodeid

A new node has been added to the cluster, or an existing node has been decommissioned and removed.

These four events are obtained from event watches on the actual node connections and filtered to remove duplicates. The use of multiple primaries should improve the reliability of notifications, though if multiple nodes fail at or around the same time this may go unreported, as no node will ever report its own failure.

PARAMETERS

The following named parameters may be passed to "new" or "configure":

host => STRING
hosts => ARRAY of STRING: The hostnames of Cassandra node to connect to initially. If more than one host is provided in an array, they will be attempted sequentially until one succeeds during the intial connect phase.
service => STRING: Optional. The service name or port number to connect to.
username => STRING
password => STRING: Optional. Authentication details to use for "PasswordAuthenticator".
keyspace => STRING: Optional. If set, a "USE keyspace" query will be issued as part of the connect method.
default_consistency => INT: Optional. Default consistency level to use if none is provided to "query" or "execute".
primaries => INT: Optional. The number of primary node connections to maintain. Defaults to 1 if not specified.
prefer_dc => STRING: Optional. If set, prefer to pick primary nodes from the given data center, only falling back on others if there are not enough available.
cql_version => INT: Optional. Version of the CQL wire protocol to negotiate during connection. Defaults to 1.

METHODS

$str = $cass->quote( $str )

Quotes a string argument suitable for inclusion in an immediate CQL query string.

In general, it is better to use a prepared query and pass the value as an execute parameter though.

$str = $cass->quote_identifier( $str )

Quotes an identifier name suitable for inclusion in a CQL query string.

$cass->connect( %args ) ==> ()

Connects to the Cassandra node and starts up the connection. The returned Future will yield nothing on success.

Takes the following named arguments:

host => STRING
hosts => ARRAY of STRING
service => STRING

A set of host names are required, either as a named argument or as a configured value on the object. If the service name is missing, the default CQL port will be used instead.

$cass->close_when_idle ==> $cass

Stops accepting new queries and prepares all the existing connections to be closed once every outstanding query has been responded to. Returns a future that will eventually yield the CassandraCQL object, when all the connections are closed.

After calling this method it will be an error to invoke "query", "prepare", "execute" or the various other methods derived from them.

$cass->close_now

Immediately closes all node connections and shuts down the object. Any outstanding or queued queries will immediately fail. Consider this as a "last resort" failure shutdown, as compared to the graceful draining behaviour of "close_when_idle".

$cass->query( $cql, $consistency, %other_args ) ==> ( $type, $result )

Performs a CQL query. On success, the values returned from the Future will depend on the type of query.

For "USE" queries, the type is "keyspace" and $result is a string giving the name of the new keyspace.

For "CREATE", "ALTER" and "DROP" queries, the type is "schema_change" and $result is a 3-element ARRAY reference containing the type of change, the keyspace and the table name.

For "SELECT" queries, the type is "rows" and $result is an instance of Protocol::CassandraCQL::Result containing the returned row data.

For other queries, such as "INSERT", "UPDATE" and "DELETE", the future returns nothing.

%other_args may be any of the following, when using "cql_version" 2 or above:

skip_metadata => BOOL: Requests the server does not include result metadata in the response. It will be up to the caller to provide this, via "set_metadata" on the returned Result object, before it can be used.
page_size => INT: Requests that the server returns at most the given number of rows. If any further remain, the result object will include the "paging_state" field. This can be passed in another "query" call to obtain the next set of data.
paging_state => INT: Requests that the server continues a paged request from this position, given in a previous response.
serial_consistency => INT: Sets the consistency level for serial operations in the query. Must be one of "CONSISTENCY_SERIAL" or "CONSISTENCY_LOCAL_SERIAL".

$cass->query_rows( $cql, $consistency, %other_args ) ==> $result

A shortcut wrapper for "query" which expects a "rows" result and returns it directly. Any other result is treated as an error. The returned Future returns a "Protocol::CassandraCQL::Result" directly

$cass->prepare( $cql ) ==> $query

Prepares a CQL query for later execution. On success, the returned Future yields an instance of a prepared query object (see below).

Query objects stored internally cached by the CQL string; subsequent calls to "prepare" with the same exact CQL string will yield the same object immediately, saving a roundtrip.

$cass->execute( $query, $data, $consistency, %other_args ) ==> ( $type, $result )

Executes a previously-prepared statement, given the binding data. On success, the returned Future will yield results of the same form as the "query" method. $data should contain a list of encoded byte-string values.

Normally this method is not directly required - instead, use the "execute" method on the query object itself, as this will encode the parameters correctly.

%other_args may be as for the "query" method.

CONVENIENT WRAPPERS

The following wrapper methods all wrap the basic "query" operation.

$cass->schema_keyspaces ==> $result

A shortcut to a "SELECT" query on "system.schema_keyspaces", which returns a result object listing all the keyspaces.

Exact details of the returned columns will depend on the Cassandra version, but the result should at least be keyed by the first column, called "keyspace_name".

 my $keyspaces = $result->rowmap_hash( "keyspace_name" )

$cass->schema_columnfamilies( $keyspace ) ==> $result

A shortcut to a "SELECT" query on "system.schema_columnfamilies", which returns a result object listing all the columnfamilies of the given keyspace.

Exact details of the returned columns will depend on the Cassandra version, but the result should at least be keyed by the first column, called "columnfamily_name".

 my $columnfamilies = $result->rowmap_hash( "columnfamily_name" )

$cass->schema_columns( $keyspace, $columnfamily ) ==> $result

A shortcut to a "SELECT" query on "system.schema_columns", which returns a result object listing all the columns of the given columnfamily.

Exact details of the returned columns will depend on the Cassandra version, but the result should at least be keyed by the first column, called "column_name".

 my $columns = $result->rowmap_hash( "column_name" )

TODO

Allow other load-balancing strategies than roundrobin.
Adjust connected primary nodes when changing "primaries" parameter.
Allow backup nodes, for faster connection failover.
Support LZ4 compression when using CQL version 2.
This is blocked on RT #92825

AUTHOR

Paul Evans <leonerd@leonerd.org.uk>