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Man Pages
VMD(4) FreeBSD Kernel Interfaces Manual VMD(4)

vmd
Intel Volume Management Device driver

To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines in your kernel configuration file:
device vmd

Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time, place the following line in loader.conf(5):

vmd_load="YES"

This driver attaches to Intel VMD devices, representing them as PCI-to-PCI bridges and providing access to children PCI devices via new PCI domains. Intel VMD is used by Intel's VROC (Virtual RAID on chip) to manage NVMe drives.

The following tunables are settable via loader(8) or sysctl(8):
hw.vmd.max_msi
Limits number of Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) vectors allowed to each child device. VMD can't distinguish MSI vectors of the same device, so there are no benefits to have more than one, unless it is required by specific device driver. Defaults to 1.
hw.vmd.max_msix
Limits number of Extended Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI-X) vectors allowed to each child device. VMD has limited number of interrupt vectors to map children interrupts into, so to avoid/reduce sharing children devices/drivers need to be constrained. Defaults to 3.

graid(8)

The vmd driver first appeared in FreeBSD 13.0.
August 31, 2021 FreeBSD 13.1-RELEASE

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