NAME

cidr_table - format of Postfix CIDR tables

SYNOPSIS

postmap -q "string" cidr:$config_directory/filename
postmap -q - cidr:$config_directory/filename <inputfile

DESCRIPTION

The Postfix mail system uses optional lookup tables. These tables are usually in dbm or db format. Alternatively, lookup tables can be specified in CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) form. In this case, each input is compared against a list of patterns. When a match is found, the corresponding result is returned and the search is terminated.

To find out what types of lookup tables your Postfix system supports use the "postconf -m" command.

To test lookup tables, use the "postmap -q" command as described in the SYNOPSIS above.

TABLE FORMAT

The general form of a Postfix CIDR table is:

pattern result

When a search string matches the specified pattern, use the corresponding result value. The pattern must be in network/prefix or network_address form (see ADDRESS PATTERN SYNTAX below).

!pattern result

When a search string does not match the specified pattern, use the specified result value. The pattern must be in network/prefix or network_address form (see ADDRESS PATTERN SYNTAX below).

This feature is available in Postfix 3.2 and later.

if pattern

endif

When a search string matches the specified pattern, match that search string against the patterns between if and endif. The pattern must be in network/prefix or network_address form (see ADDRESS PATTERN SYNTAX below). The if..endif can nest.

Note: do not prepend whitespace to text between if..endif.

This feature is available in Postfix 3.2 and later.

if !pattern

endif

When a search string does not match the specified pattern, match that search string against the patterns between if and endif. The pattern must be in network/prefix or network_address form (see ADDRESS PATTERN SYNTAX below). The if..endif can nest.

Note: do not prepend whitespace to text between if..endif.

This feature is available in Postfix 3.2 and later.

blank lines and comments

Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored, as are lines whose first non-whitespace character is a `#'.

multi-line text

A logical line starts with non-whitespace text. A line that starts with whitespace continues a logical line.

TABLE SEARCH ORDER

Patterns are applied in the order as specified in the table, until a pattern is found that matches the search string.

ADDRESS PATTERN SYNTAX

Postfix CIDR tables are pattern-based. A pattern is either a network_address which requires an exact match, or a network_address/prefix_length where the prefix_length part specifies the length of the network_address prefix that must be matched (the other bits in the network_address part must be zero).

An IPv4 network address is a sequence of four decimal octets separated by ".", and an IPv6 network address is a sequence of three to eight hexadecimal octet pairs separated by ":" or "::", where the latter is short-hand for a sequence of one or more all-zero octet pairs. The pattern 0.0.0.0/0 matches every IPv4 address, and ::/0 matches every IPv6 address. IPv6 support is available in Postfix 2.2 and later.

Before comparisons are made, lookup keys and table entries are converted from string to binary. Therefore, IPv6 patterns will be matched regardless of leading zeros (a leading zero in an IPv4 address octet indicates octal notation).

Note: address information may be enclosed inside "[]" but this form is not required.

INLINE SPECIFICATION

The contents of a table may be specified in the table name. The basic syntax is:

main.cf:
    parameter = .. cidr:{ { rule-1 }, { rule-2 } .. } ..
master.cf:
    .. -o { parameter = .. cidr:{ { rule-1 }, { rule-2 } .. } .. } ..

Postfix ignores whitespace after '{' and before '}', and writes each rule as one text line to an in-memory file:

in-memory file:
    rule-1
    rule-2
    ..

Postfix parses the result as if it is a file in /usr/local/etc/postfix.

Note: if a rule contains $, specify $$ to keep Postfix from trying to do $name expansion as it evaluates a parameter value.

EXAMPLE SMTPD ACCESS MAP



/usr/local/etc/postfix/main.cf:
    smtpd_client_restrictions = ... cidr:$config_directory/client.cidr ...
/usr/local/etc/postfix/client.cidr:
    # Rule order matters. Put more specific allowlist entries
    # before more general denylist entries.
    192.168.1.1             OK
    192.168.0.0/16          REJECT
    2001:db8::1             OK
    2001:db8::/32           REJECT

README FILES

Use "postconf readme_directory" or "postconf html_directory" to locate this information.

DATABASE_README, Postfix lookup table overview

HISTORY

CIDR table support was introduced with Postfix version 2.1.

AUTHOR(S)

The CIDR table lookup code was originally written by:
Jozsef Kadlecsik
KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics
POB. 49
1525 Budapest, Hungary
Adopted and adapted by:
Wietse Venema
IBM T.J. Watson Research
P.O. Box 704
Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
Wietse Venema
Google, Inc.
111 8th Avenue
New York, NY 10011, USA